{"id":3638,"date":"2024-02-11T12:16:28","date_gmt":"2024-02-11T12:16:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cuvaricevremena.eu\/?p=3638"},"modified":"2024-07-24T07:30:09","modified_gmt":"2024-07-24T07:30:09","slug":"ili-ili-napried","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cuvaricevremena.eu\/index.php\/2024\/02\/11\/ili-ili-napried\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201eIli \u2013 ili! Napried!\u201c"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Markiza je prva i jedina \u010dlanica Hrvatskog narodnog kazali\u0161ta u Zagrebu kojoj je za \u017eivota postavljeno bron\u010dano poprsje u foajeu kazali\u0161ta. Znana kao hrvatska Sara Bernhard, kraljica drame, simbol je hrvatskog glumi\u0161ta 19. stolje\u0107a, vladarica scene i jedna od najve\u0107ih umjetnica hrvatskog glumi\u0161ta. Njezin moto bio je \u201eIli \u2013 ili, napried!\u201c<\/p>

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Marija Ru\u017ei\u010dka-Strozzi. Fotografija: Kazali\u0161te.hr<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>

Znalo se tko je markiza!<\/strong><\/h4>

Simbol hrvatskog glumca 19. st bio je Andrija Fijan (Zagreb 1851. \u2013 1911.), a simbol hrvatske glumice tada bila je Marija Ru\u017ei\u010dka-Strozzi (Litovel 1850. \u2013 Zagreb 1897.). To partnerstvo je postavilo temelje Hrvatskom narodnom kazali\u0161tu.<\/p>

Koliko je njihovo partnerstvo postalo i institucija sama za sebe, svjedo\u010de utjelovljenja mnogih Shakespeareovih parova kao \u0161to su: Romeo i Julija, Otelo i Dezdemona (Otelo), Hamlet i Ofelija (Hamlet), Benedikt i Beatrice (Mnogo vike ni za \u0161to), Basanije i Porcija (Mleta\u010dki trgovac), Tezej i Hipolita (San Ivanjske no\u0107i), Leont i Hermiona (Zimska pri\u010da), Antonijo i Kleopatra, Koriolan i Volumnija (Koriolan).<\/p>

Marija Terezija (maj\u010dino ime) Ru\u017ei\u010dka, udana (markiza) Strozzi, 2. listopada 1932., u svojoj 82. godini proslavila je ulazak u 65. sezonu umjetni\u010dkog rada uz sve\u010danu matineju njoj u \u010dast koju je re\u017eirao njezin sin Tito te uz otkrivanje njezinog postavljenog poprsja za koje je zaslu\u017eno dru\u0161tvo \u201eHrvatska \u017eena\u201c. Lik ove legendarne glumice nalazi se na freskama kazali\u0161ta kao i na Bukov\u010devu zastoru.<\/p>

\u201eVelikim plakatima bilo je najavljeno gostovanje velike na\u0161e tragetkinje Marije Ru\u017ei\u010dke-Strozzi u Sudermannovoj drami \u00bbZavi\u010daj\u00ab i \u00bbDebori\u00ab\u2026 Do zadnjeg mjesta krcato kazali\u0161te pozdravi Markizu neopisivim odu\u0161evljenjem. Prije predstave bilo je\u00a0 pripravljeno iznad pozornice cvie\u0107e, kojim je umjetnica bila obasuta kod prvog koraka na scenu. Trebalo je dosta dugo, dok se sti\u0161ala bura odu\u0161evljenja i dok se predstava mogla nastaviti. Ja sam kao o\u010daran slu\u0161ao iza scene\u00a0 prekrasan markizin glas, koji je podsje\u0107ao na najljep\u0161e tonove violine\u201c Sje\u0107anje Vatroslava Hladi\u0107a na Markizu; citat iz memoara \u201e\u017divot glumca\u201c str. 135\/136<\/p><\/blockquote>

Kao glumica pro\u0161la je galerijama likova, od mladih djevojaka do likova iz klasi\u010dnih komedija i tragedija, gra\u0111anskih drama, pa do likova majki, udovica, starijih \u017eena. U svojoj 83. godini itekako je prisutna na pozornici. Glumila je majku u adaptaciji romana \u201eTerese Raquin\u201c Emila Zole te ostvarila ulogu u pu\u010dkom igrokazu \u201eGrani\u010dari\u201c Josipa Freudenreicha, kao i u dramatizaciji romana \u201eUskrsnu\u0107e\u201c Lava Nikolajevi\u010da Tolstoja. Markiza je bila umjetnica u svakom smislu te rije\u010di.<\/p>

Mariji, kojoj zbog oca glazbenika zagreba\u010dkog kazali\u0161nog orkestra, kazali\u0161te nije bilo nepoznanica. Premda otac Leopold umire mlad, majka Terezija ju vodi u kazali\u0161te, no njezina gluma\u010dka karijera dolazi zapravo kao sekundarna nakon te\u0161kog \u017eivotnog udarca \u2013 gubitka glasa zbog intenzivnih dramskosopranskih dionica pripreme za Be\u010dki konzervatorij. Josip Freudenreich\u00a0 bio je <\/span>njezin u\u010ditelj glume i ona ve\u0107 1868.\u00a0<\/span>osvaja kritiku <\/span>u debitantskoj ulozi Jeane d\u2019Eyre u drami Lowoodska sirota Charlotte Birsch Pfeiffer. Zanimljivo je da Markiza u kazali\u0161noj sezoni 1876\/1877 (osam mjeseci) ostvaruje 63 uloge, \u0161to bi zna\u010dilo da je u prosjeku svaki \u010detvrti dan tuma\u010dila drugu ulogu. Znana je kao velika tragetkinja, bila je izvrsna u tragi\u010dnim ulogama.<\/span><\/p>

Da markiza nije samo simboli\u010dan naziv, svjedo\u010di udaja dvadesetjednogodi\u0161nje Marije Terezije Ru\u017ei\u010dke (na po\u010decima karijere) za markiza Ferdinanda de Strozzija, potomka stare firentinske obitelji i nastavnika matematike. S obzirom na to da je \u017eena na pozornici odnosno kazali\u0161tu u pat-poziciji u odnosu na kolege, po pitanju \u017eenskih radni\u010dkih prava, sve je svoje trudno\u0107e skrivala pod steznikom od kazali\u0161ne uprave, da bi mogla ostvariti karijeru koju je zaista itekako ostvarila.<\/p>

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Marija Ru\u017ei\u010dka-Strozzi. Fotografija: Kazali\u0161te.hr<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>

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\u201eIli \u2013 ili, napried!\u201c <\/strong><\/h4>

Kako najbolje do\u010darati zna\u010daj osobnosti Markize, koja je toliko vremena bila stupom dramskog repertoara, nego sje\u0107anjima njezinih kolega, suvremenika. Dopustite da glumac i redatelj Vatroslav Hladi\u0107 ispri\u010da do\u017eivljaj nazvan: \u201eKod gospo\u0111e Markize\u201c, kojega prenosimo iz njegovih \u017eivotopisnih memoara \u201e\u017divot glumca\u201c.<\/p>

\u201eJednoga dana doista sam pozvonio na vratima umjetni\u010dina stana. Djevojka mi otvori, a veliki bernardinac, miljenik umjetnice, pozdravi me glasnim lave\u017eom i veselim mahanjem repa.<\/p>

Uveli su me u salon. S pravom pobo\u017eno\u0161\u0107u razgledavao sam se po sobi. Ovdje dakle \u017eivi Marija Ru\u017ei\u010dka-Strozzi! Uspomene iz \u0111a\u010dkog partera \u017eivo su uzkrsle preda mnom. Kako smo mi \u0111aci obo\u017eavali ovu na\u0161u hrvatsku Saru Bernhard! \u2026 Ali \u0161to je ona bila nama \u0111acima u uzpore\u0111enju s na\u0161om Strozzievom!<\/p>

Moju pozornost privu\u010de veliki baldahin u kutu sobe, sastavljen od samih trofea velike umjetnice. Pro\u010ditao sam na vrpcama posvete najve\u0107ih li\u010dnosti Europe. Upamtio sam samo dvie posvete na osobito razko\u0161nim vrpcama. Jedna je glasila: \u00bbKraljici hrvatske Talije \u2013 Franjo Josip I.\u00ab, a druga: \u00bbJedina si, velika si i na\u0161a si \u2013 Ban Khuen Hedervary\u00ab.<\/p>

U to se na vratima pojavi kraljevska pojava Markize.<\/p>

Bila je veoma ljubezna, \u0161to je svojstveno samo velikim umjetnicima. Zanimala se za moj po\u010detak u kazali\u0161tu i ponudila mi svoju preporuku u zagreba\u010dkom kazali\u0161tu. \u2026<\/p>

Prije odlaska dobio sam na dar veliku sliku umjetnice s vlastoru\u010dnom posvetom: \u00bbIli \u2013 ili! Napried!\u00ab. \u017divotni moto Markizin.\u201c<\/p><\/blockquote>

Nije \u010dudno da je Markiza, koju \u017eivot ve\u0107 od samih po\u010detaka nije milovao, bila nositeljica ovog \u017eivotnog mota. Gubitak pjeva\u010dkog glasa i \u017eeljene karijere operne dive natjerao ju je da razvije gluma\u010dki talent. Te\u0161ke kazali\u0161ne prilike za \u017eene pogotovo natjerale su je da skriva trudno\u0107e. Od osmero djece do\u017eivjela je smrt njih \u0161estero, ali i smrt supruga u njezinu odsustvu koju su joj pre\u0161utjeli do kraja inozemnog gostovanja. Uz sve to Markiza nije napustila kazali\u0161te gotovo sve do svoje smrti.\u00a0 Dapa\u010de, zaslu\u017ena je za pravu umjetni\u010dku dinastiju \u2013 svoju djecu i unuka.<\/span><\/p>

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Ulomak iz \u010dlanka \u201eKako je \u017eivjela velika na\u0161a umjetnica\u201c, \u017denski list<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>

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Maja i Tito Strozzi: neizostavan dio mozaika hrvatske kulture <\/strong><\/h4>

Premda je u braku s Ferdinandom Strozzijem rodila osmero djece, samo troje je do\u017eivjelo odraslu dob, od kojih jedan sin umire tijekom I. svjetskog rata. Ostaju k\u0107i Maja Strozzi-Pe\u010di\u0107 (1882 \u2013 1962) kao zna\u010dajna operna pjeva\u010dica te najmla\u0111i sin Tito (1892 \u2013 1970), glumac, pisac i re\u017eiser.<\/p>

Ako vam ka\u017eemo da je libreto za baletnu pantomimu s pjevanjem \u201eZlato\u201c Bele Pe\u010di\u0107a (Majin drugi suprug i dugogodi\u0161nji pratioc na klaviru) uglazbio Boris Papandopulo (Majin sin), a re\u017eirao Tito te je izvedena u HNK-u 1930. u kojem Tito ostvaruje svoju karijeru, a Maja ju nastavlja kao ve\u0107 poznata operna pjeva\u010dica, posve \u0107e vam biti jasna ova suradnja jedne kazali\u0161no-glazbene obitelji koja pripada kulturnoj eliti Zagreba.<\/p>

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Maja Strozzi. Fotografija: Klasika.hr<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>

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Vrsna sopranistica Maja Strozzi-Pe\u010di\u0107 (prethodno Papandopulo) ostvarila je europski uspjeh kao operna diva koja pjeva na nekoliko jezika. Upam\u0107ena kao Violetta iz opere \u201eLa Traviata\u201c, karijeru nastavlja u Zagrebu te biva naglo umirovljena kao \u0161to \u0107e biti i njezin brat. Seli u Samobor gdje sa suprugom gradi vilu u ulici koja danas nosi njezino ime. Maja Strozzi bila je i privatna u\u010diteljica pjevanja, a svoj posljednji zagreba\u010dki koncert odr\u017eala je na svoj 70-i ro\u0111endan.<\/p>

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Maja Strozzi-Pe\u010di\u0107. Fotografija: Hrvatsko glumi\u0161te<\/a>. Web alat za grafi\u010dki dizajn: Canva.<\/figcaption><\/figure>

Iz Majina prva braka s ruskim aristokratom Konstantinom Papandopulom izrasta poznati dirigent i kompozitor Boris. Njezin\u00a0 drugi suprug Bela Pe\u010di\u0107 bio je vrstan pijanist.<\/span><\/p>

Mozaik obitelji Strozzi nadopunjuje i Majin mla\u0111i brat, svestrani kazali\u0161ni umjetnik Tito. Redatelj i glumac (i filmski), profesor glume, koji osim glume, pjeva, ple\u0161e u baletu, pi\u0161e drame, prevodi i dramatizira. Poznate su njegove interpretacije junaka krle\u017einih djela s kojim je prijateljevao od djetinjstva. Filmom se po\u010deo baviti preko pratnje na glasoviru nijemim filmovima zagreba\u010dkih kinodvorana.<\/p>

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Tito Strozzi. Web alat za grafi\u010dki dizajn: Canva.<\/figcaption><\/figure>

Nezaobilazne za spomenuti su i Titove supruge: Ljubica Oblak prvakinja opere kao u\u010denica velike Milke Trnine, balerina Irena (Irina, Ir\u00e8ne) Aleksandrovska i glumica Eliza Gerner koja 2004. izdaje knjigu \u201eTito Strozzi Svjetla i sjene jednoga gluma\u010dkog puta\u201c.<\/p>

Sa starom gluma\u010dkom gardom umirovljen je 1957, a svoju 50-u godi\u0161njicu rada umjesto u HNK-u (zbog odbijanja?! HNK) obilje\u017eio je u kazali\u0161tu Komedija s izvo\u0111enjem komada \u201eBuniduh Kerempuh\u201c te umire dan nakon proslavljene obljetnice. Od potomaka u umjetni\u010dkoj liniji ostala je Titova unuka iz drugoga braka Dora Fi\u0161ter koja nastavlja gluma\u010dku karijeru.<\/p>

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Obitelj Strozzi. Fotografija: Klasika.hr<\/a>. Web alat za grafi\u010dki dizajn: Canva.<\/figcaption><\/figure>

Stup hrvatskoga dramskog repertoara<\/strong><\/h4>

Stalan kazali\u0161ni partner bio joj je Andrija Fijan. Ostala je vjerna zagreba\u010dkom kazali\u0161tu u kojem je ostvarila oko 600 uloga, unato\u010d ponudama iz Praga, Be\u010da i Amerike.<\/p>

\u201eJa i scena jedno smo. Ja mislim, da se to u \u010ditavoj mojoj umjetni\u010dkoj karijeri o\u010ditovalo. Mi smo se ljubili.\u201c Marija Ru\u017ei\u010dka Strozzi 1919. za \u010dasopis Rampa.<\/p><\/blockquote>

Znana kao hrvatska Sara Bernhardt, u starosti je primala mizernu mirovinu dok je u 85. godini u svom rodnom gradu Litovel, u \u010ce\u0161koj, progla\u0161ena po\u010dasnom gra\u0111ankom, a Republika \u010cehoslova\u010dka je na njezinu rodnu ku\u0107u postavila spomen-plo\u010du. U Zagreb joj \u010destitke \u0161alje Toma\u0161 Masaryk, predsjednik \u010cehoslova\u010dke Republike. Dvije godine nakon ovog priznanja imenovana je i za\u010dasnom \u010dlanicom \u010de\u0161kog Narodnog kazali\u0161ta u Pragu.<\/p>

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Marija Ru\u017ei\u010dka-Strozzi. Fotografija: Hrvatsko glumi\u0161te<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>

Vladarica scene umire u 87. godini \u017eivota i cijeli je grad ispratio jednu od najve\u0107ih umjetnica Hrvatskog glumi\u0161ta.<\/p>

Zanimljivo je da sredi\u0161nji park na Trnjanskoj Savici od kraja 2020. godine nosi ime \u201ePark Marije Ru\u017ei\u010dke Strozzi\u201c. Njezin sin Tito i unuk Boris Papandopulo puno su prije dobili svoje ulice.<\/p>

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\u017delite pro\u010ditati vi\u0161e ovakvih tekstova? Kliknite rubriku\u00a0\u017denska povijest<\/a>\u00a0te u\u017eivajte!<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Literatura:<\/p>

Domljan, \u017darko. 2009. Pomno \u010duvana tajna. Vijenac, god. XVII, br. 395.\u00a0<\/a><\/p>

Gerner, Eliza. 2004.Tito Strozzi Svjetla i sjene jednoga gluma\u010dkog puta, Zagreb.<\/p>

Juri\u0107 Zagorka, Marija. 1937. \u201eKako je \u017eivjela velika na\u0161a umjetnica\u201c (intervju Marije Juri\u0107 Zagorke s Markizom iz 1932. godine). \u017denski list, god. 13, br.10, str. 5, 29 i 30.\u00a0<\/a><\/p>

Lipovac, Marijan. 2022. Franjo Josip I. \u2013 najdugovje\u010dniji hrvatski kralj \u010dije su civilizacijske i kulturne tekovine vidljive i danas. Portal Hrvatska povijest<\/a><\/p>

Ljubi\u0107, Lucija. 2023. Umjetnice dinastije Strozzi: MARIJA RU\u017dI\u010cKA-STROZZI (Litovel, \u010ce\u0161ka, 3. kolovoza 1850. \u2013 Zagreb, 28. rujna 1937.), feljton. Portal Hrvatsko glumi\u0161te\u00a0<\/a><\/p>

Miklau\u0161i\u0107-\u0106eran, Snje\u017eana. 2021. 50. obljetnica smrti Igora Stravinskog; Skladbe Igora Stravinskog u glazbenom \u017eivotu, feljton. Portal Klasika.hr\u00a0<\/a><\/p>

Nik\u010devi\u0107, Sanja. 2021. Hrvatsko kazali\u0161te i dru\u0161tvo, feljton, portal Kazali\u0161te.hr.\u00a0<\/a><\/p>

Vida\u010dkovi\u0107, Zlatko. 2002. Stolje\u0107e jedne dinastije. Vijenac, god. X, br. 228.\u00a0<\/a><\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Markiza je prva i jedina \u010dlanica Hrvatskog narodnog kazali\u0161ta u Zagrebu kojoj je za \u017eivota postavljeno bron\u010dano poprsje u foajeu kazali\u0161ta. Znana kao hrvatska Sara Bernhard, kraljica drame, simbol je hrvatskog glumi\u0161ta 19. stolje\u0107a, vladarica scene i jedna od najve\u0107ih umjetnica hrvatskog glumi\u0161ta. Njezin moto bio je \u201eIli \u2013 ili, napried!\u201c Znalo se tko je […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3639,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[172,58,170,165,168,171,124,169,173],"class_list":["post-3638","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vjestice-i-svetice","tag-glumica","tag-hrvatska","tag-hrvatsko-glumiste","tag-kazaliste","tag-marija-ruzicka-strozzi","tag-markiza","tag-povijest","tag-strozzi","tag-umjetnost"],"yoast_head":"\n\u201eIli \u2013 ili! 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